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Langerhans Histiocytosis

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For details see Histiocytic lesions

Clinical features

  • Lung involvement occurs in 23-50%
  • Often associated to pneumothorax, and Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia
  • More frequent in the upper lobes
  • Focal or diffuse
  • Nodular solid  or cystic lesions

Cytopathology

For details see Histiocytic lesions

The authors do not have any experience of fine needle aspiration in this particular presentation in children.

Immunocytochemistry

For details see Histiocytic lesions

Modern Techniques of Diagnosis

For details see Histiocytic lesions

Differential Diagnosis

  • Inflammatory conditions associated to Langerhans cell hyperplasia
  • Other Histiocytic conditions that might affect the lung (ex: sarcoidosis)

Main points

  • 10-20% progress to respiratory failure