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On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should know:
- the anatomy and histology of the normal thyroid
- the role of the thyroid hormones and the control of their production
- the incidence of thyroid nodules and the diseases which can present as thyroid nodules
- the diagnostic tests in thyroid nodules
- the indications of thyroid fine needle aspiration
- the aspiration technique and the slide preparation methods
- the criteria for considering a specimen as adequate and the reasons why a smear may be unsatisfactory
- all the features which must be considered in the evaluation of the specimen
- the terminology for reporting results, the definition of suspicious aspirate and the Thy classification of thyroid specimens
- the benign diseases which can be diagnosed by thyroid FNA
- clinical and cytologic features of De Quervain`s thyroiditis
- epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical and cytologic features of Hashimoto`s thyroiditis
- clinical and cytologic features of multinodular goitre
- the follicular lesions and the features which can differentiate between cytologically benign and cytologically malignant follicular lesions
- classification, clinical and cytologic features of follicular adenoma
- the criteria for differentiating between nodular hyperplasia and follicular neoplasia
- clinical and cytologic features of follicular carcinoma
- the cytologic features of Hurthle cells and the cytologic appearance of Hurthle cell tumors
- the classification of the malignant tumors of the thyroid
- epidemiology, classification and cytologic features of papillary carcinoma
- the cytologic features of insular and anaplastic carcinoma
- epidemiology, clinical and diagnostic features of medullary carcinoma
- clinical and cytologic features of thyroid lymphoma
- criteria for the differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases