- Bimodal age distribution (peaks at two and 15-20 years of age).
- Most common entities:
- Children under two years of age
- Teratoma and endodermal sinus tumour are the most common entities
- Most tumours occur at extragonadal sites: sacrococcygeal, head, neck, retroperitoneum, stomach, liver, central nervous system, heart and vagina
- Adolescence
- Gonadal and mediastinal sites are the most common locations at this age
- At this age, they represent 15% of all mediastinal cysts and tumours
- There is a well-known association between haematological malignancies and mediastinal germ cell tumours
- Seminoma is a rare tumour at this age or younger
- Most testicular tumours are mixed germ cell tumours
- Children under two years of age
- Ovarian malignancies account for about 1% of all childhood malignancies (the majority are germ cell tumours)
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