Infantile hemangioendothelioma
Clinical features Cytopathology Immunocytochemistry GLUT-1 positive lesions classified as hepatic infantile haemangioma Modern diagnostic techniques Differential diagnosis Main points
Mesenchymal hamartoma
Clinical features Cytopathology Immunocytochemistry Genetic studies Differential diagnosis Main points
Inflammatory pseudotumor
Clinical features Immunocytochemistry Non-contributory Modern diagnostic techniques Differential diagnosis Main points
Hepatoblastoma
Clinical features Fig 76 – Hepatoblastoma – Clusters of uniform small appearing cells with high N: C ratio (H&E) Immunocytochemistry Genetic studies Differential diagnosis Main points
Embryonal sarcoma
Clinical features Fig 80 – Embryonal Sarcoma- Cellular smear with mesenchymal clusters in a myxoid matrix (Giemsa) Immunocytochemistry Genetic studies Rearrangements of chromosomal band 19q13.4, t (11; 19) (q13; q13.4) Differential diagnosis Main points
VI – LIVER
Teratoma
Mature teratoma is not a cytological diagnosis. The presence of an immature or malignant component in a tumour cannot be ruled out through FNA. Clinical features Fig 63 – Teratoma –Testicular teratoma – Adipose cells, epithelial cylindrical cells and a three-dimensional group of poorly differentiated epithelial cells. Macrophages can be seen in the background (H&E) […]
Germinoma/seminoma
Clinical features Fig 66 – Germinoma – High cellular smear composed of large single cells with abundant cytoplasm admixed with lymphocytes. Tigroid background (Giemsa) Histochemical stains Immunocytochemistry) (see Table 1) Differential diagnosis Main points
Yolk sac tumour
Clinical features Fig 69- Yolk sac tumor – Papillary aggregates of pleomorphic tumor cells (H&E) Immunocytochemistry (see Table 1) Histochemical stains Differential diagnosis
Embryonal carcinoma
Clinical features Fig 73 – Embryonal carcinoma – Cohesive group of pleomorphic tumor cells, with moderate amount of vacuolated cytoplasm. Necrosis in the background (Giemsa) Immunocytochemistry (see Table 1) Modern diagnostic techniques Differential diagnosis Table 1- Immunophenotype of germ cell tumours Marker: Seminoma Yolk sactumour Embryonalcarcinoma Choriocarcinoma AE1/AE3) +/- + + + PLAP + […]