Head and Neck
Cytopathology of the head and neck with special emphasis on salivary gland Cytopathology Author: Laszlo Vass On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should Know: the indications of cytology in head and neck the sampling and preparation methods the exfoliative cytology of oral cavity cytologic features and differential diagnosis of the cystic lesions of the neck […]
Liver
On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should Know: the anatomy and histology of the liver indications of fine needle aspiration cytologic features of hepatocytes, bile duct epithelial cells and Kupffer cells cytologic features of hepatic infectious processes cytologic features of cirrhosis cytologic features of nodular hyperplasia and adenoma cytologic features of the other benign […]
Lymph Node
Introduction Lymph nodes were probably the first organs to be investigated by fine needle cytology (FNC) and the last in which this technique has been accepted by clinicians as a useful diagnostic procedure. Risk of seeding, false negatives, failure to discriminate between reactive hyperplasia and lymphoma, have been put forward as a limitation or useless […]
Pancreas
On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should Know: the anatomy and histology of the pancreas indications of fine needle aspiration slide preparation methods indications of biliary brushing the reporting terminology cytologic features of benign acinar and ductal epithelial cells cytologic features of acute and chronic pancreatitis cytologic features of pancreatic pseudocysts cytologic features of […]
Spleen
General Nodular or diffuse splemomegalies may be determined by several causes; in most cases, clinical and serological data are diagnostic but there are still rare conditions or equivocal clinical presentations in which a direct evaluation may be useful. FNC of the spleen was first used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and was then extensively used […]
Cervical cytology
Authors: Amanda Herbert The cervical chapters comprise the following material: Introduction Anatomy, histology and function of the cervix Cervical cancer epidemiology and aetiology Cervical cancer worldwide and in Europe HPV as a causative agent and other risk factors Pathogenesis of cervical cancer and its precursors CIN and squamous cell carcinoma AIS and adenocarcinoma Presentation, stage […]
Thyroid
On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should know: the anatomy and histology of the normal thyroid the role of the thyroid hormones and the control of their production the incidence of thyroid nodules and the diseases which can present as thyroid nodules the diagnostic tests in thyroid nodules the indications of thyroid fine needle […]
Breast
Author: Jerzy Klijanenko On completion of this section the cytotechnologist should Know: The anatomy and histology of the breast The indications for fine needle aspiration (FNA) The sampling and preparation methods The reporting terminology for breast cytology The cytologic features of benign and malignant nipple secretions The evaluation criteria of FNA cytology The cytologic features of […]