??????? ??? HPV testing ???? ?? ??? ????????????
- ??????? ??? ASC-US ???/? LSIL ?????????????
- ???? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? CIN
- ??????????? ??? ????????????
- ?????????? HPV testing ? ?????????? ????????? (co-testing)
|
?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????????:
- HPV ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? CIN2+
- ?????? ????????? CIN2 ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ?? ????? CIN2 ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????????
- ????????? CIN2+ ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????????
- HPV ?????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????????
- ?? ???????????? HPV ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????
- ?????????? HPV ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????
- HPV ??? ????? 100% ????????? ??? CIN2+, CIN3+ ? ???????
HPV ??????? ??? ASC-US ? LSIL ?????????????
? ????????????? ??? ???????? ?? ASC-US ? LSIL ???????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????????, HPV testing ? ????????????.
?????? ???????? ASCUS-LSIL (ALTS)
? ASCUS-LSIL ?????????????? ?????? (ALTS) ?????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??????-???????? HPV (hrHPV) ?? ??? ????? Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???????????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? CIN2+ (ALTS 2003a) ???? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? CIN3. ?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????? 40% ??? CIN2 ?????? ????????? (Castle et al. 2009).
? HPV ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? LSIL, ?? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? hrHPV+ ??????.
HC2 ?? ????? ?? APTIMA
??? ????-??????? ??? APTIMA HPV test, ??? ???????????? RNA ???? DNA, ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? CIN2+ ??? CIN3+ ???????????? ?? ?? HC2 ??? ASC-US ??? LSIL: ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ??? 90% (Arbyn et al. 2013). ? ?????????? ????????? ??? 27.8% ??? 56.4% ????? ??? ????????? ??? APTIMA ?????? ??? HC2 ????-???????? (Arbyn et al. 2013) ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?? APTIMA.
- ???? ALTS ?????? ???????? CIN2 ?????? ?? HC2 ????????????? ?? ??? ????????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???????????? CIN3+
- ?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????? 40% ??? CIN2 ?????? ????? ??????????
- ? ?????????? ??? HPV testing ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? 50%, ???? ????????? ?? ??? ???????????
|
???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????
? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? HPV ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? (????????? ??? ASC ??? LSIL) ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? HPV ??????? ????????, ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? (39% ??? 73%), ?????? ??? ??????????? (Kelly et al. 2011).
?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? HPV ????????? ???????? ???, ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????????, ??? HPV ??????? ???????? ????? CIN ???? ??? ????????????.
? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? HPV ??????????? ??? CIN2+ ????????? ?????? 12% ??? 23% ??? CIN2+ ??? ?????? 4% ??? 12% ??? CIN3+ ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? HPV (Moss et al. 2004).
???????? ??? HPV ASC-US/LSIL ????????
- ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ASC-US ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? HPV ????????? ?????????????
- ????????? ???????????? CIN2+ ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????????? ?????????????
- ????????? ???????????? CIN3+?? ????-????????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? (????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????????)
??????????
- ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? (overcall) ??? ASC-US ?????? ?? ???????????
- ????????????? ??? HPV ??????? ???????? ????? CIN2+ ????? ??????????
- ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? CIN2, ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? (review).
|
???? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? CIN
? ???????? ????????????????? CIN ? ???????? ???? ????????
- ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? 20 ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??? CIN3 (Strander et al.2007).
- ???????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????????? ?????? CIN ??? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????? (Rebolj et al. 2012).
- ?????? 15 ??????? ?? 2 ??? ?????????????, ? ???????? ????????????????? CIN ????????? ?????? 4% ??? 18% (????? ???? 8%) ?? 15 studies (Flannelly et al. 2001).
????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ???? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???????? .
HPV testing ?? test ????????? (?????) ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????
|
?????????? ??? ???? ????????? (?????)
?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? CIN ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ? ???????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? (ASC-US+) ???? ???????? ??? HPV+. ?? ?????????? ??? NHSCSP ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ????????:
http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/cervical/hpv-triage-test-flowchart-201407.pdf
?? HPV testing ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????-??????? (93% vs. 72%) ??? ??? ???????? ?????? (81% vs. 84%) ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? (Arbyn et al. 2012). ??????, ? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ?? HPV testing ??? ????????? ?????????(Zielinski et al. 2004).
???????????? ??? ???? ????????? (?????) ??? ?????? ????????
? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? HPV tests ???????????????, ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????????. HPV ?????????? ????? 6 ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? 17% ??? 27% (Cubie & Cuschieri 2013). ?? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????, HPV ?????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ???? 14% ?? HC2 ??? 28% ?? Cobas 4800 (Innamaa et al. 2014).
?? ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? NHSCSP ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ??????????? CIN2+ ???? ??? ???????????? ?? HPV ???????/?? ???????? ???????????? ????????: Moss et al. (2011) ????????? 2.7% ??? CIN2+ ?? 12.1% ??? 3203 ??? ???? HPV ???????/?? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ?? 13,3% ??? 6,2% ?? ?????????? ???????????? (??????? 7-1).
??????? 7-1. ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? (?????)(??????? 4.6.1 ??? Moss et al. 2011)
???????????? ??? ???? ????????? (?????) ???? ????????
??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? 10 ?????? (Kocken et al. 2011): ?? ???????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? 435 ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? CIN3+ ??? 20% ??? ???????? ??? ???? HPV+ ????? 6 ????? ?? ???????? ?? 23% ASC-US+ . ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? CIN3+ ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????.
- ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????? 12 ??? 24 ?????.
- ?? ????? ??????? ????????????????? CIN2+ ???? ???????? ???? 18% , ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? (9%) ???? CIN3+ (??????????????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????????).
- ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????????????????? CIN ????????? ????? ??? 5 ???? ???? ???????? ??????????????????? ???? ??? CIN3+ .
???????? CIN3+ ?? ????? 10 ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???????????? 6 ????? (Kocken et al.):
29% ??? HPV ??????? ???????? (???. 6%)
13% ??? ???????? ?? ASC-US+ ???????????? (???. 3%)
22.5% ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? (???. 7%)
2.1% ??? HPV ????????? ???????? (???. 2%)
2.8% ??? ????????????? ????????? ???????? (???. 2%)
1.4% ??? ?????-????????? ???????? (???. 1%)
- ? ???????? ????????????????? CIN2+???? ??? ???????? co-testing ????? 24 ????? ? ???? ???????? ????????????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? CIN2+ ??? ?????? ????????.
- ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? co-testing ????? 6 ??? 24 ????? ? ????????????? ???? ????? 6,12 ??? 24 ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????.
????????????? ??? HPV ???? ????????? (?????)
- ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????????? CIN2+ ??? CIN3+ ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????????
- ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? CIN2+
?????????? ??? HPV ???? ????????? (?????)
- 5???? ????????? CIN3+ ???? ??? HPV ?????????? ????? 6 ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????????
- ????????????? ??? HPV+ ???????? ????? ?????????, ????? ???????? ??? ???????????????? ???????????? ??? CIN2+ ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????????????? CIN2+
- 81-84% ?????????? (???????????? ??? HPV tests) ????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????. (? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? 90% ????? ????? ?????????????.)
- ? ?????????????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????????
- ??????? ????????????? ???????? ??? HSIL (????? PPV) ????????? ?????????
|
HPV tests ???? ??????? ????????????
HPV tests ????????????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ????????????.
??? ?????? ??? Manchester (Bowring et al. 2013) ????????? ??? ???????? ??????:
- ????????? CIN1 (n=422)
- ???????????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? CIN (n=260)
- ???????-?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????????? (n=20)
- ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? (n=44)
- ????????? ?????? ??????-?????? ????????????? ??? ????????????? (n=9)
??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? HPV+ ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????. ???????? ??? ??????, ?? ??????? CIN2+ ???? 0.7% ?? HPV ????????? ?????????? ?? 8% ?? HPV+ ??????? ????????.
HPV testing ???? ??????? ???????????? (?.?. ????????? CIN1)
- ?? HPV testing ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? 50% ???????????
- ??????? CIN2+ ???? ????????? ?? HPV+ ???????? (8% vs. 0.7%)
- ?? HPV testing ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? HPV ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????????? CIN2+
|